During which type of court martial can the accused request a trial by military judge alone?

The correct answer is the combination of Summary and Special courts-martial. In both Summary and Special courts-martial, the accused has the option to request a trial by military judge alone.

In a Summary court-martial, which is designed to handle minor offenses, the process is simplified, and the accused may opt for a trial without a jury, solely before a military judge. This can expedite proceedings and often leads to a more streamlined process for less serious charges.

In a Special court-martial, which handles more serious offenses than those typically processed by a Summary court-martial but is less serious than General courts-martial, the accused also has the right to request a trial by a military judge alone, allowing for a more professional and focused adjudication of the case.

This option is not available in a General court-martial, which typically involves more serious charges and can encompass a panel of judges or jury that embodies broader representation from the military community. Thus, the flexibility to choose a military judge alone for trial is unique to the two types mentioned in the correct response.